Brake



Sept. 20, 1938. R A, BABEL 2,130,868

BRAKEl Filed May 50. 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 l W v Il..

RAYMOND ALEXANDRE BABEL /4 BY ATTORNEY sem. 2o, 193s. R, A BABEL 2,130,868

BRAKE Filed May 50, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I.\'I E YTOR. RAYMOND ALEXANDRE BABEL ATTORNEY Patented sept. zo, 193s 2,130,868

'l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BRAKE Raymond Alexandre Babel, Clichy, France, as-

signor to Bendix Brake Company, South Bend, Ind., a corporation of Illinois Application May 30, 1930, Serial No. 457,651

` France August 22, 1929 8 Claims. (Cl. 188-72) The present invention has for its object pro- I2 which participates in the rotation of the wheel ducing a braking action in which the force exer- 2 through the medium of attaching and driving cised upon the part to be braked produces no members I3 connecting the member I2 to the other reaction than the torsion which is required wheel hub, and which also serve for attachment not subjected to any prejudiciable stresses or on the periphery of the disk I I and cooperating reactions.4 with corresponding notches I5 formed around For this purpose, and according to the inventhe circular edge of the member I2. It will be 10 tion, the rotatable part to be braked is pressed noted that this edge of member I2 extends within 10 upon both faces by novel non-rotatable elements. and is housed by the curled-over outer portion of Although this principle may be applied to 'brakes the non-rotatable disk 3. of the type employing a drum with expanding "Ihe disk II is movable between the friction segments or shoes, it is particularly advantageous rings 4 and 8, and the various parts are so ad- 15 when the rotatable and the non-rotatable parts Justed as to allow a very small clearance between l5 tact upon their adjacent flat surfaces. In the is preferably extended, as explained above, at its illustrated construction, itis simply necessary to periphery in order to cover the member I2 so exercisea pressure upon one of the non-rotatable as to protect the braking device against dust and l0 elements in order to operate the brake. grit. 20 Another feature of the invention relates to To operate the braking device, a pressure is novel operating mechanism for a brake of this exercised upon the face of the ring 1 opposite type, preferably operated by uid pressure, and the one faced with the s shown as including novel power-multiplying pressure, the ring 1 and its friction ring 8 will 5 levers operating the disks or their equivalents slide upon the stationary pins 5, against the ac- 25 and operated by hydraulic cylinders and pistons tion of the springs 9, until it makes contact with or the like. the disk II, and the latter is thus moved against The accompanying drawings show, by way oi the action of the springs I6, until it makes contact example, one illustrative embodiment of the preswith the ring 4. When the pressure upon the ring J ent invention. 1 is released, the springs 9 will move the ring 1 30 Figure lisasection ofafront automobile wheel back against the stops I0, and the springs IB provided with a braking device according to the will move the teeth of the disk II into contact present invention; with the bottom of the notches I5.

Figure 2 is a vertical section through the brak- This pressure on the ring 1 may be variously ing device; brought about, but an important feature of the 35 Figure 3 is an elevation of said device, viewed invention resides in the illustrated construction from the right of Figure 2, with the wheel rein which a certain number of fluid-pressure cylmoved; inders I1, preferably forming part of a hy- Figure 4 is an elevation of said device, viewed draulic system, are secured to the disk 3, being from the left of Figure 2; and usually spaced uniformly around the wheel axis. 40 Figure 5 is a section on the line V-V of Fig- In each cylinder, in the arrangement illustrated,

ure 3. is movable a metal piston I8 which is preferably To the knuckle I, swiveled in the usual manner provided with a concave disk I9 of plastic mateto the front axle, and carrying a wheel 2 of any rial affording a liquid seal. A thrust piece 20 is suitable type, is rigidly secured a disk 3 proshown guided in each of the cylinders, on the one 45V The disk 3 carries stationary means such as pins other hand by a plug 22 forming a stop for a 5, upon which is slidably secured by lugs 6, a return spring 23 which urges the piston into the flat ring 1 carrying a facing ring 8 of friction idle position at the end of the cylinder. The cylmaterial, facing toward the corresponding ring 4. inders are connected together by piping 24 which 50 springs 9 surrounding the said pins 5 urge the is connected, in the case of a hydraulic system, ring 1 against stops I0 shown as provided on said to a master cylinder or pump supplying oil or pins 5. 'I'he disk 3 and the ring 1 are thus conthe like, and controlled by the brake pedal. Acnected together by said pins, and are held against cording to one feature of the invention, each of rotation. A steel disk II is rotated by a member the thrust pieces 20 controls power-multiplying 55 means such as a lever the two arms whereof are shown at 25-26 and which may be pivoted in a forked bracket 21 mounted on the disk 3 (Fig. 5), as close as possible to the point of contact between the arm 26 and the ring 1. Due to the difference in the lengths of the lever arms 25-26, the initial force exercised by the piston 20 will be much increased.

In this arrangement the disk Il to be braked will be subjected to equal pressures on its respective faces, yand these oppositely directed pressures will be mutually balanced during the braking action, so that no thrust will take place upon the ball bearings nor upon the wheel pivot. The only force exercised upon the said disk Il consists in the torsion stress which is necessary for braking purposes. On the other hand, due to the aforesaid pressures upon both faces of the part to be braked, the device affords double the braking surfaces found in lanalogous types of brakes having the same diameter.

It is further to be noted that in the present arrangement, the braking action is the same for both directions of rotation. This braking action is gradual and progressive, due to the entire absence of self-braking or of dragging.

Since disks are used as braking members, the total thickness of the apparatus is reduced 'to a minimum.

It is obvious that numerous forms of construction may be based upon the aforesaid principles, without departing from the scope of the invention, and while one illustrative embodiment has been described in detail, it is not my intention to limit the scope of the invention to that particular embodiment or otherwise than by the terms of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A brake comprising a rotatable member having a turned-over outer portion and a rotatable friction disk having its outer portion keyed to said turned-over portion, and co-operating nonrotatable friction parts including a disk having its outer portion formed to inclose said keyedtogether portions.

2. A brake comprising a rotatable member having a flange provided with a plurality of notches in its edge, a. rotatable friction diskhaving teeth positioned in the notches and non-rotatable friction parts associated therewith, including a backing plate having its periphery deformed to house the flange and the rotatable disk interconnected therewith.

3. A brake comprising a rotatable member having av flange provided with notches in its edge, a

rotatable friction disk having teeth upon its periplrieryk engaging the notches, and non-rotatable friction parts including a backing plate having its periphery deformed to house the flange of the rotatable member, and rotatable friction disk interconnected therewith.

4. A brake comprising a rotatable member havlng a flange provided with notches in its edge, a rotatable friction disk having teeth upon its periphery engaging the notches, and tension members connecting the friction disk to the rotatable member. g' 5. A brake comprising a rotatable member havlng a flange provided with notches in its edge, a friction disk having teeth upon its periphery positioned in the notches in the flange, means tending to seat the notches in the flange, non-rotatable friction disks co-operating with the rotatable friction disk, and means for urging the non-rotatable friction disk away from the rotatable friction disk.

6. A brake comprising a fixed support having a rolled edge, friction elements on the support, a rotatable member associated with the fixed support having a flange provided with notches in its edge, the flange being housed by the rolled edge, a rotatable friction element positioned between the friction elements on the fixed support having an interlocking connection with the flange on the rotatable member, and means for engaging the non-rotatable friction element with the rotatable friction elements including levers fulcrumed on the fixed support and operated by' force applying means carried on the fixed support.

'7. A brake comprising a xed support, a cylinder positioned thereonl having one end closed, a guide member in the other end of the cylinder, a piston positioned for movement in the cylinder between the guide and the closed end, the piston having a recess, a. thrust member having one of its ends seated in the recess and its other end embraced by the guide member.

8. A brake comprising a fixed supprt, a cylinder positioned thereon having one end closed, a guide in the other end of the cylinder, a piston positioned for movement in the cylinder between the guide and the closed end, the piston having a recess, a thrust member having one of its ends seated in the recess and its other end embraced by the guide member, and a spring in the cylinder between the piston and the guide member.

RAYMOND ALEXANDRE BABEL.

the teeth on the friction disk in 

